CORAL REEF AS PLANET LIFE SAVER

INTRODUCTION:

The world's coral reef do more for the planet than providing underwater beauty. It mainly gives 2/3 of oxygen to the world. yes , it gives more oxygen than the total number of trees in the surface. And they occupy  only 0.1% of world's ocean surface, yet provide home for 25%  of all marine species.

WORLD 's LARGEST CORAL REEF:

And as we know the great barrier reef is the world largest coral reef system composed of 2900 individuals reefs, 900 islands, 2300km, over an area of  3,44,400 sq km. And the reef is located in coral sea, off the coast of Queensland, Australia. The great barrier reef can be seen from the space. and world biggest single structure. Composed and build by billions of coral polyps.

 

Larger reefs are thousand of years old. the large visible reef like great barrier reef Australia between 5000  to 10000 years old. the great barrier has grown to include 900 smaller reefs  and cover 2600 miles. crossing 500 islands.

CORAL REEFS TYPES:

Mainly the coral reefs can be divided into 3 types:

1- fringing reef

2- barrier reefs

3-atolls

1- The fringing reefs are those which are close to shore. whereas 2- barrier reef will be lie furthermost to a sea. And the 3- atolls will be mistaken for island because they are so large and generally appear on rim of a lagoon.

CORAL REEF CAN BE USED TO TREAT CANCER AND OTHER DEADLY DISEASES:

The number of creatures found on reefs produce chemical compounds that have been isolated for human application and many more are yet to be discovered. Scientists has developed treatments of cardio vascular diseases, ulcers,  leukemia, lymphobia, skin cancer, and all form chemicals in reef plants and animals. And other compounds reduce inflammation, kill viruses and relax muscles.

The coral's unique skeletal muscles has been used to make our most advanced forms of bone grafting materials.

HISTORY OF CORAL REEF AND OXYGEN PRODUCTION:

This history would take us to the point where life has been created. We all know that the first life started is not on the ground its under ocean(under water). In first the oceans are full of of metals and water or we can say liquid metal oceans were sent. And many chemical inorganic compounds where present slightly deep inside  from the surface of the ocean. when sun rays  passes through the surface of ocean. An unicellular organism is  produced . An cycle is started from the reaction at the oxygen is produced. after several years this cycle greatly increased which produces more unicellular  organisms and at the end more oxygen is produced. when metal and oxygen react with each other produces metal oxides(rusted) which are heavy hence they settled under the ocean deeply. hence only water is present it's refracts the sunlight into water hence singled cell micro organisms can obtain more sun light energy and rapidly increase their production and colonize their species as coral reefs from their multi cellular organisms are produced. They produce very large amount of oxygen hence oxygen escaped from water up-to troposphere and formed ozone layer. hence life started in earth is from coral reef. its gives 2/3 of oxygen for the planet.  This main phenomenon for life creation is sunlight explosion that why you can't find any reefs below 45 m from the ocean surface. The corals first appeared in Cambrian about 535 million years ago. Fossils are extremely rare until Ordovician period. After 100 million year where rugose and tabulate corals starts to widespread.

Coral reefs location:

Coral reefs are generally found in clear, tropical oceans. coral reefs form in water from the surface to about 150 feet(45 meters) deep because they need sunlight to survive... Reefs usually develop in areas that have a lot of wave action because the waves bring in the food, nutrients 

SOME CORAL REEF LOCATIONS:

           

         1. Great barrier reef - coral sea, Queensland  , Australia

         2. Isla Perez  - gulf of mexico

         3. kingman Reef - North pacific Ocean

         4. Lansdowne Bank - Coral sea

         5. Amazon Reef - off the coast of french Guiana and northern Brazil

         6. Angria Bank  - Off the coast of vijaydurg,Maharashtra India

         7. APO reef -Mindoro strait, Philippines

         8. Arrecifes de Cozumel -Cozumel, Mexico

                          national park

          9. Bar reef - Kalpitiya peninsula, SriLanka

          10. Belize Barrier Reef - Belize

          11. Ben ares Shoals- Peos banhos atoll, northern chagos archipelago

          12. Coral Triangle- Mainly Indonesia

          13. Daintree Reef - Coral sea, Queensland, Australia

          14. Darwin Mounds - off the north west coast of scotland

          15. Filippo reef - 450 km east of starbuck island in the pacific

          16. Flinders reef -off Moreton island in the coral sea, Queensland

                                                                                          Australia.

           17. French Frigate Shoals -Northwestern Hawaiian islands

           18. Lansdowne Bank - Coral sea

           19. Lyra Reef -Papua New Guinea

           20. Manuel Luis Reefs -Brazil

           21. Maro Reef - Northwestern Hawaiian islands

           22. Mesoamerican barrier- Yucatan peninsula to honduras

           23. Mexico rocks - Ambergris Caye, Belize

           24. Miami Terrace Reef - Florida, united states

           25. Minami-tori-shima  -Japan

           26. Minerva Reefs -Fiji and Tonga

           27. Miri-sibuti Coral Reef -Sarawak, Malaysia

           28. New caledonia barrier -New Caledonia

           29. Ningalo coast -Western Australia

           30. North east reef - Western Australia

           31. Osprey reef  - Coral sea, Australia.

           32.  Palancar reef - Cozumel, Mexico

            33. Qixingyan -Pingtung country Taiwan

            34. Reunion island's reef -Madagascar

            35. Rost Reef -Lofoten, Norway

            36. Scorpian Reef  -Yucatan, Mexico

            37. Sha'b abu Nuhas - Northern red sea

            38. South sentinel island - Andaman Islands

             39. Sula Reef- Sor-Trondelag Norway

             40. Tubbataha Reef- Sulu sea

             41. Virigin Islands - Caribbean sea

Coral reef benefits:

• coral reef makes see bed more stable
• they also clean the water
• Reefs are for nesting grounds 
• coral reefs are a source of food for millions
• protect coastlines from storm and erosion 

coral reefs in danger:

proceedings of National Academy of sciences said that the reef has lost more than half its coral cover since 1985. The coral bleaching was more widespread affecting the northern parts of reef as result of warming ocean temperatures. Coral reefs are endangered by a variety of factors, including: natural phenomena such as hurricanes, El Nino, and diseases; local threats such as over fishing, destructive fishing techniques, coastal development, pollution, and careless tourism; and the global effect of climate change warming seas.

What Will happen if coral reef dies completely:

some experts predict hunger, poverty and political instability as the livelihoods of the people of entire countries disappear. Once the coral is dead, the reefs will also die and erode, destroying importing marine life spawning and feeding grounds.

but sadly decline of coral reefs increase year by year at very high speed. Hence we should save our plant life saver and help to maintain the ecosystem and biodiversity.

SOME CORAL REEF PLANTING ORGANISATION IN THE WORLDS:

1. CRF (coastal restoration foundation) - united states
2. Coral cay
3. National center for coral reef research
4. Reef ball
5. southeast Florida coral reef initiatives (SEFCRI)
6. australian coral reef society
7. biosphere foundation
8. chagos conservation trust
9. conservation society of pohnpel
10. coral reef care
11. earth watch
12. environmental solutions international
13. frieends of saba marine park
14. green fins
15. intercoast network
16. japanese coral reef society
17. project aware
18. reef base
19. secore
20. wwf

join these non-profitable organisation to save our mother planet.

                         THANK YOU

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